Vedic Mathematics is a collection of Formulae/Techniques called Sutras which help us solve arithmetic problems. The techniques are said to have been taken from multiple Sanskrit texts. The Sutras in Vedic Mathematics were put together by Indian Mathematician Shri Bharati Krishna Tirthaji around the early 20th century
Easy way for multiplication
Sutra:Vertically and Cross wise
Example 1: 7 x8
Step 1: Here base is 10,
7 - 3 (7 is 3 below 10) also called deficiencies
× 8 - 2 (8 is 2 below 10) also called deficiencies
Step 2: Cross subtract to get first figure (or digit) of the answer: 7 - 2 = 5 or 8 - 3 = 5 , the two
difference are always same.
Step 3 : Multiply vertically i.e. -3 × -2 = 6 which is second part of the answer.
So, 7 - 3
8 - 2 i.e. 7 × 8 = 56
5 / 6
Second Method:
Same Base Method :
When both the numbers are more than the same base. This method is extension of the above method i.e.
we are going to use same sutra here and applying it to larger numbers.
Example 1: 12 × 14
Step 1: Here base is 10
12 + 2 [12 is 2 more than 10 also called surplus]
14 + 4 [14 is 4 more than 10also called surplus]
Step 2: Cross add: 12 + 4 =16 or 14 + 2 = 16,(both same) which gives first part of answer = 16
Step 3: Vertical multiplication: 2 × 4 = 8
So, 12 + 2
14 +4
16 / 8So, 12 × 14 = 168
(14 + 2 = 12 + 4)
Two digit - multiplication
Example: Multiply 21 and 23
Step1: Vertical (one at a time) 2 [1] 1 × 3 = 3 3
2 [3]
Step2: Cross -wise (two at a time) 2 1 (2 × 3 + 2 × 1) = 8
2 3 8 3
Step3: Vertical (one at a time) [2] 1 2 × 2 = 4
[2] 3 4 8 3
∴ 21 × 23 = 483
Multiplication with carry:
Example: Multiply 42 and 26
Step1: Vertical 42 2 × 6 = 12 12
26
Step2: Cross-wise 4 2 4 × 6 + 2 × 2 28 12
2 6 24 + 4 = 28
Step3: Vertical 42 4 × 2 = 8 8 8 2
26 + 2 1
= 10 = 2 9
∴ 42 × 26 = 1092
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